Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is an ancient oilseed crop valued for its high-quality edible oil and nutrient-rich seeds. It grows best in warm climates with temperatures ranging from 25–35°C and requires bright sunshine throughout its growth period. Sesame thrives in well-drained sandy loam to loamy soils with a neutral pH of about 6.0 to 7.5, as it is highly sensitive to waterlogging. The crop needs low to moderate rainfall, around 50–65 cm, and performs well under rainfed conditions. Sesame is drought tolerant but cannot withstand excessive moisture or frost. Timely sowing, good field drainage, and balanced nutrient management are essential for healthy growth and better yield.